Optimización de la extracción ultrasónica de grasa de semilla de mango y su efecto en la dureza del chocolate

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/idcyta.v11i2.173

Palabras clave:

Valorización de subproductos, fenómeno de cavitación, metodología de superficie de respuesta, textura y estructura cristalina

Resumen

La semilla de mango es un subproducto con alto potencial como fuente de lípidos alternativos a la manteca de cacao. En este contexto, el ultrasonido emerge como una tecnología eficiente. El objetivo de este estudio fue optimizar la extracción ultrasónica de grasa de semilla de mango y evaluar su efecto en la dureza del chocolate. La extracción se realizó evaluando la temperatura (25 - 55 °C), potencia (100 - 500 W) y relación sólido:solvente (1:10 - 1:30 p/v), mediante metodología de superficie de respuesta. La grasa obtenida se utilizó en la formulación de chocolate oscuro mediante la sustitución parcial de manteca de cacao al 5 % y 10 %, evaluando su efecto sobre la dureza. Los resultados de la optimización mostraron rendimientos 2.68 y 6.97% (R2= 0.9511), donde la relación sólido:solvente y la potencia influyen significativamente en la extracción y la validación arrojó un rendimiento de 6.12% en condiciones óptimas. Los resultados del chocolate mostraron que el nivel de sustitución de grasa influyó significativamente en la dureza (p < 0.05), el 10 % presentó una disminución respecto al control, mientras que el 5 % no evidenció diferencias significativas, lo cual se asocia con cambios en la estructura cristalina del sistema.

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Publicado

2026-08-01

Cómo citar

VACA PORTILLO, A. C., Osorio Mora, O., Cardoso Ugarte, G. A., & Gómez Salazar, J. A. (2026). Optimización de la extracción ultrasónica de grasa de semilla de mango y su efecto en la dureza del chocolate. Investigación Y Desarrollo En Ciencia Y Tecnología De Alimentos, 11(2), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.29105/idcyta.v11i2.173