Efecto del método de extracción y calidad de nuez pecanera en características fisicoquímicas y perfil lipídico del aceite para potencial aplicación clínica

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/idcyta.v11i1.142

Palabras clave:

aceite nuez, nutracéutico, prensado en frío, ácidos grasos, intervención clínica

Resumen

El sobrepeso está asociado con inflamación crónica de bajo grado y riesgo metabólico. En este contexto, el aceite de nuez pecanera constituye una alternativa nutraceútica por su contenido de ácidos grasos insaturados. Sin embargo, el proceso de obtención puede afectar su calidad y composición. Este estudio evaluó el efecto de dos métodos de extracción prensado en frío y utilizando hexano y tres tamaños Granzón (Gz) Granillo (Gr) y Pawnee (Pw) sobre el rendimiento, calidad fisicoquímica, color, inocuidad microbiológica y perfil de ácidos grasos de aceites obtenidos. Gz presentó el mayor rendimiento con hexano (p<0.05) con 74.1%, mientras para prensado fue de 51%. En la calidad fisicoquímica para Pw, el índice de peroxidación y acidez fue de 2.3 meq O₂/kg, y 0.45 mg KOH/g; 4.6 meq O₂/kg y 0.91 mg KOH/g para el primero y segundo respectivamente. También mostró mayor luminosidad con 6.3 y tono verdoso con -0.8. Ambos métodos produjeron aceites con perfiles ricos en ácidos grasos insaturados superiores al 80%, con oleico, linoleico y linolénico de hasta 65.05, 35.85 y 1.98% respectivamente mediante prensado, sin crecimiento microbiano. Por lo anterior, el prensado favorece la calidad fisicoquímica, inocuidad y el potencial nutraceútico del aceite para aplicaciones clínicas.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

AKINOLA, F. F., OGUNTIBEJU, O. O., ADISA, A. W., & OWOJUYIGBE, O. S. (2010). Physicochemical properties of palm oil from different palm oil local factories in Nigeria. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 8(3–4), 264–269.

Çakaloğlu, B., Özyurt, V. H., & Ötleş, S. (2018). Cold press in oil extraction: A review. Ukrainian Food Journal, 7(4), 640–654. https://doi.org/10.24263/2304-974X-2018-7-4-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24263/2304-974X-2018-7-4-9

Casas, R., Sacanella, E., & Estruch, R. (2014). The immune protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against chronic low-grade inflammatory diseases. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, 14(4), 245–254. https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530314666140922153350 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2174/1871530314666140922153350

Choe, E., & Min, D. B. (2006). Mechanisms and factors for edible oil oxidation. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 5(4), 169–186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2006.00009.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2006.00009.x

Chowdhury, K., et al. (2007). Studies on the fatty acid composition of edible oil. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 42(3), 311–316. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v42i3.669

Codex Alimentarius. (2019). Standard for edible fats and oils not covered by individual standards (CODEX STAN 19-1981). FAO/WHO.

de la Rosa, L. A., Alvarez-Parrilla, E., & Shahidi, F. (2011). Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of kernels and shells of Mexican pecan (Carya illinoinensis). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(1), 152–162. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf1034306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf1034306

Domínguez, R., Pateiro, M., Gagaoa, M., Barba, F. J., Zhang, W., & Lorenzo, J. M. (2019). A comprehensive review on lipid oxidation in meat and meat products. Antioxidants, 8(10), 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100429 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox8100429

Estruch, R., et al. (2018). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts. New England Journal of Medicine, 378(25), e34. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1800389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1800389

Firestone, D. (Ed.). (2009). Official methods and recommended practices of the AOCS (6th ed.). AOCS Press.

Grajzer, M., Szmalcel, K., Kuźmiński, Ł., Witkowski, M., Kulma, A., & Prescha, A. (2020). Characteristics and antioxidant potential of cold-pressed oils—Possible strategies to improve oil stability. Foods, 9(11), 1630. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111630 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods9111630

Gunstone, F. D. (2011). Vegetable oils in food technology: Composition, properties and uses (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444339925

Hudthagosol, C., Haddad, E. H., McCarthy, K., Wang, P., Oda, K., & Sabaté, J. (2011). Pecans acutely increase plasma postprandial antioxidant capacity and catechins and decrease LDL oxidation in humans. Journal of Nutrition, 141(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.121269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.110.121269

Jarret, R. L., Levy, I. J., Potter, T. L., & Cermak, S. C. (2013). Seed oil and fatty acid composition in Capsicum spp. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 30, 102–108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2013.02.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2013.02.005

Kiokias, S., Proestos, C., & Oreopoulou, V. (2018). Effect of natural food antioxidants against LDL and DNA oxidative changes. Antioxidants, 7(10), 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7100133 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7100133

Kris-Etherton, P. M. (1999). Monounsaturated fatty acids and risk of cardiovascular disease. Circulation, 100(11), 1253–1258. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.100.11.1253 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/01.CIR.100.11.1253

Kyari, M. Z. (2008). Extraction and characterization of seed oil. International Agrophysics, 22(1), 139–142.

Lavenburg, V. M., Rosentrater, K. A., & Jung, S. (2021). Extraction methods of oils and phytochemicals from seeds and their environmental and economic impacts. Processes, 9(10), 1839. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9101839 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9101839

McKay, D. L., Eliasziw, M., Chen, C. Y. O., & Blumberg, J. B. (2018). A pecan-rich diet improves cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial. Nutrients, 10(3), 339. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030339 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030339

Mínguez-Mosquera, M. I., Rejano-Navarro, L., Gandul-Rojas, B., Sánchez-Gómez, A. H., & Garrido-Fernández, J. (1991). Color–pigment correlation in virgin olive oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 68(5), 332–336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02657688

Moyano, M. J., Meléndez-Martínez, A. J., Alba, J., & Heredia, F. J. (2008). A comprehensive study on the colour of virgin olive oils and its relationship with their chlorophylls and carotenoids indexes (II): CIELUV and CIELAB uniform colour spaces. Food Research International, 41(5), 513–521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.03.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2008.03.006

Nehdi, I. A., Omri, S., Khalil, M. I., & Al-Resayes, S. I. (2010). Characteristics and chemical composition of date palm (Phoenix canariensis) seeds and seed oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 32(3), 360–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.05.016 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.05.016

Polmann, G., Badia, V., Frena, M., Teixeira, G. L., Rigo, E., Block, J. M., & Feltes, M. M. C. (2019). Enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction combined with experimental designs allow the obtaining of a high-quality and yield pecan nut oil. LWT – Food Science and Technology, 113, 108283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108283 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108283

Psomiadou, E., & Tsimidou, M. (2001). Pigments in Greek virgin olive oils: Occurrence and levels. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 81(7), 640–647. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.859 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.859

Rajaram, S., Burke, K., Connell, B., Myint, T., & Sabaté, J. (2001). A monounsaturated fatty acid–rich pecan-enriched diet favorably alters the serum lipid profile of healthy men and women. Journal of Nutrition, 131(9), 2275–2279. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.9.2275 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/131.9.2275

Ros, E. (2010). Health benefits of nut consumption. Nutrients, 2(7), 652–682. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2070652 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2070652

Schmidt, Š., & Pokorný, J. (2005). Potential application of oilseeds as sources of antioxidants for food lipids – A review. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 23(3), 93–102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17221/3377-CJFS

Shahidi, F., & Zhong, Y. (2010). Lipid oxidation and improving the oxidative stability. Chemical Society Reviews, 39(11), 4067–4079. https://doi.org/10.1039/b922183m DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/b922183m

Strati, I. F., et al. (2024). Quality assessment of edible plant-based oils using chromatic characteristics (L*, a*, b*). Applied Sciences, 14(22), 10305. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210305 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app142210305

Suri, K., et al. (2023). Physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stability of edible oils: Influence of pigments and bioactive compounds. Food Chemistry Advances, 2, 100187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100187 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.focha.2023.100231

Descargas

Publicado

2026-05-07

Cómo citar

REYES VAZQUEZ, N. D. C., HILARIO AZUARA, A. S., Castro García, H., De la Garza, A. L. I., Ayala de la Cruz, S., García Fajardo, J. A., … Morales Landa, J. L. (2026). Efecto del método de extracción y calidad de nuez pecanera en características fisicoquímicas y perfil lipídico del aceite para potencial aplicación clínica . Investigación Y Desarrollo En Ciencia Y Tecnología De Alimentos, 11(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.29105/idcyta.v11i1.142